Silicone 3D Printing Technology

Niaj hnub no, additive manufacturing tsis tsuas yog siv rau prototyping tab sis kuj muaj peev xwm zoo nyob rau hauv pre-series manufacturing thiab serial feem manufacturing. Rau 3D luam tawm cov khoom, cov khoom siv yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Hauv daim teb no, 3D cov khoom luam tawm tsuas tuaj yeem sib tw nrog cov khoom tsim ib txwm muaj yog tias lawv muaj cov khoom siv thiab tshuaj lom neeg tib yam. Biocompatibility, kub tsis kam, siab elasticity, thiab lwm yam yuav tsum tau ua silicone indispensable nyob rau hauv ntau daim ntawv thov. Yog li ntawd, tib neeg tos ntsoov rau kev sib txuas qhov zoo ntawm kev tsim khoom ntxiv nrog cov khoom siv xws li silicon. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntxiv ntawm silicone tsis yooj yim. Kab lus no teev ntau yam txheej txheem extrusion-raws li thiab cov txheej txheem, uas qhia meej txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txuas thiab lawv qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.

Silicone 3D luam ntawv: txheej txheem extrusion

Qhov kev txiav txim siab zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem extrusion yog ntau yam kua thiab pastes uas tuaj yeem ua tiav, suav nrog yuav luag txhua hom polysiloxanes: los ntawm qis viscosity mus rau siab viscosity, los ntawm RTV (Room Kub Vulcanization) mus rau tus qauv LSR (Liquid Silicone Rubber) UV curable thiab particle-filled silicone. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom extrusion zoo ib yam li FLM (Fused Layer Modeling) luam ntawv, qhov twg cov khoom yog extruded los ntawm lub taub hau luam ntawv thiab tso txheej txheej los ntawm txheej. Ob lub ntsiab lus LSRs thiab RTV silicone txheej txheem yuav tsim hauv qab no. LSR xav tau lub zog thermal rau kev sib txuas, thaum RTV silicone tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​qab ntawm chav tsev kub.

△ Cov txheej txheem ua kua additive manufacturing (LAM) yog me ntsis zoo li FDM, uas yog cov khoom siv extrusion technology. Txhua txheej yog extruded, tab sis nws txawv ntawm txoj kev xws li FFF thiab FDM vim tias cov khoom siv raw yuav tsis yaj hauv cov txheej txheem. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, cov khoom siv LAM yog cov kua thaum nws tso, thiab cov kua yog vulcanized los ntawm tshav kub kom cov khoom yog thermally kho thiab crosslinked. Cov txheej txheem no ua rau cov khoom siv los tswj nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab tsim ntau daim ntawv thov tshiab. LAM 3D luam ntawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv yuav luag zoo ib yam li kev txhaj tshuaj molded qhov chaw, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mob, khau, thiab cov ntaub ntawv hloov tau.

Hla-linked LSR

Silicone luam ntawv suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv ua kua. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem txiav txim siab tsis yog qhov kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev sib txuas ntawm silicone. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub zog ntawm cov silicone tiav tsuas yog ua tiav los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom, xws li los ntawm ntxiv polymerization los yog condensation polymerization. Yeej, LSR silicone muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm lub sijhawm: kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib txuas thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom thiab kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib txuas tom qab ua tiav lossis tom qab ua tiav.

Cross-linking nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm:

Cua sov tsim platform: Lub hotbed nyob rau hauv lub additive manufacturing tshuab yuav muab thermal crosslinking zog. Nyob ntawm lub sijhawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm silicone, crosslinking tuaj yeem tshwm sim li ntawm ob peb feeb tom qab extruded rau ntawm lub qhov cub kub.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem no muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg: qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv nrog qhov siab ntawm cov khoom. Qhov no yog vim qhov deb ntawm txheej yog los ntawm kev tsim lub platform, qhov tsawg dua nws muab. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev ua tiav cov txheej txheem txhim khu kev qha thiab tas li rau cov khoom sib txuas. Kev paub tau pom tias nws tsis tuaj yeem siv lub txaj kub kub los tsim cov khoom loj dua 2 mus rau 3 cm.

Layer-by-layer cross-linking: Thaum tshav kub kub nkag mus rau txhua qhov sib txuas los ntawm saum toj no tuaj yeem ua tiav kev sib txuas sib txuas ntawm txhua tus txheej txheem. Nws yog cua sov ncaj qha thaum luam ntawv, yog li cov khoom siv tuaj yeem siv tam sim tom qab luam ntawv. Txoj kev no yuav tsum muaj qhov cua sov ntxiv, xws li lub teeb infrared. Ntxiv mus, qhov kev siv zog thiab lub sij hawm raug yuav tsum tau yoog rau cov txheej txheem sib xws, uas ua rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsim khoom kim dua thiab nyuaj.

Cross-linking hauv kev kho mob tom qab:

Lwm txoj hauv kev yog siv cov khoom rheological ntawm cov khoom siv thiab siv silicone uas tuaj yeem khaws nws cov duab tom qab extrusion. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm qhov siab viscosity lossis siab thixotropy ntawm silicone los yog ua ke ntawm ob qho tib si. Cov khoom tiav ua los ntawm LSR silicone yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub qhov cub nyob rau hauv lub post-processing theem thiab cross-linked ntawm ib tug tsim nyog kub. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum tsis txhob ua rau muaj qhov deformation ntawm cov khoom. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, tsis tas yuav siv cov khoom siv ntxiv los muab cov cua sov thaum lub sijhawm luam ntawv.

Txhawb cov khoom siv

Rau overhanging lossis bridging (kaw profile) cov qauv, kev txhawb nqa cov qauv yuav tsum tau tsim rau kev tsim khoom. Cov khoom siv txhawb nqa no yuav tsum ua raws li cov khoom siv silicone thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom thiab tiv taus cov cua sov thaum lub sijhawm sib txuas. Tom qab ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau yooj yim tshem tawm ntawm qhov ua tiav. Txawm li cas los xij, nrhiav cov khoom txhawb nqa tsim nyog rau txhua hom silicone yog ib qho kev sib tw, thiab kev tsim cov qauv kev txhawb nqa yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom siv ntxiv thiab lub sijhawm hauv kev tsim khoom.

RTV: ua hauv hydrogel

Tab sis muaj cov txheej txheem uas tso cai rau tsim kev ywj pheej yam tsis muaj kev siv cov kev txhawb nqa: kev tsim khoom hauv cov khoom sib txawv. Rau lub hom phiaj no, ib rab koob ntev yuav siv tau los extrude silicone resin rau hauv ib lub thawv uas muaj ib tug" txhawb cov khoom". Cov khoom txhawb nqa no tuaj yeem yog, piv txwv li, hmoov lossis hydrogel. Cov txheej txheem tau qhia hauv daim duab:

△ Silicone 3D luam ntawv: txheej txheem tsim khoom hauv hydrogel

Hauv thawj kauj ruam, silica gel (txiv kab ntxwv) yog extruded rau hauv cov khoom txhawb nqa (xiav), thiab cov hlua extruded yog tsau los ntawm cov khoom nyob ib puag ncig. Tom qab tsim cov qauv xav tau thiab cov silicone yog hla-txuas, cov khoom tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom siv nrog tweezers. Thaum kawg, tshem tawm lossis tsuas yog ntxuav tawm cov seem ntawm cov khoom txhawb nqa. RTV silicones yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau cov txheej txheem no vim hais tias lawv crosslink nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm luv luv (30 mus rau 60 feeb). Tom qab tshem tawm cov khoom, cov khoom siv txhawb nqa tuaj yeem siv dua.

△DNA qauv ua los ntawm silica gel, tsim raws li 3D luam tawm tivthaiv hauv hydrogel.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov qauv no yog qhov siab ntawm kev tsim kev ywj pheej. Nws tsis yog txwv tsis pub los ntawm txoj kab nqes dhau los tsis txwv los ntawm cov choj. Piv txwv li, DNA ob chav helix qauv hauv daim duab yog luam tawm nrog 0.3 hli koob. Txog tam sim no, nws yog qhov nyuaj los ua kom tiav qhov kev sib txuas zoo ntawm cov spirals siv lwm cov txheej txheem. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no yog qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom siv txhawb nqa yuav tsum tsim cov khoom loj, thiab feem ntau nws tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom siv LSR siv cov txheej txheem no.

Cov ntsiab lus-Silicon 3D luam ntawv

Vim muaj ntau yam extrusion-raws li txheej txheem tsim, yuav luag tag nrho cov khoom tuaj yeem tsim nrog silica gel. Nyob ntawm seb qhov yuav tsum tau ua geometry thiab hom silicone, cov txheej txheem tsim nyog tuaj yeem xaiv. Lub hauv paus thiab cov txheej txheem rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem ua tiav yog ib txwm yog qhov tseeb thiab rov ua dua ntawm silicone. Txawm li cas los xij, lub peev xwm ntawm silicone 3D luam ntawv yog deb ntawm kev qaug zog. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog kev siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, xws li cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa tshiab (xws li hydrogels), Antarctic Xyooj ntseeg tias ntau cov qauv tshiab tseem tab tom ua.